Department of Anthropology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NR, UK.
J Hum Evol. 2013 Apr;64(4):300-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.01.011. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
Comparative studies of catarrhine pelvic morphology in an evolutionary framework play an important role in paleoanthropology, especially since this is the context from which human bipedalism eventually arose. Given the abundance of potentially confounding evolutionary and mechanical factors influencing pelvic form, it is important to tease apart the effects of shape and size in the major component of the primate pelvis, the os coxae. However, os coxae form is difficult to assess via traditional morphometric methods. Here, we adopt a 3D geometric morphometric approach to landmark data. Our analyses included data from 30 extant catarrhine taxa. Data were transformed and registered using Procrustes analysis and analyzed via examination of principal components. Two analyses were performed: one excluding Homo sapiens, and a second including them. Results of the first analysis demonstrate that the total diversity of os coxae morphology is significantly greater in hominoids than it is in cercopithecoids. This appears to be driven by the greater effects of size diversity (i.e., allometric effects) in the case of the hominoids. This analysis also revealed a clear taxonomic/phylogenetic distinction between hominoids and cercopithecoids in terms of os coxae shape. The second analysis showed that Procrustes distances in shape space are significantly greater between extant Pan and Homo than they are between any two non-human catarrhine taxa. This analysis thus quantifies, on a comparative basis, the dramatic effect that the course of hominin evolution had upon the morphology of the human pelvis, within what is - even by catarrhine standards--a relatively short span of evolutionary time.
在进化框架内比较研究类人猿的骨盆形态在古人类学中起着重要作用，特别是因为这是人类双足行走最终出现的背景。鉴于影响骨盆形态的进化和力学因素众多，因此重要的是要分离出主要的灵长类动物骨盆成分——坐骨——的形状和大小的影响。然而，坐骨形态很难通过传统的形态计量学方法来评估。在这里，我们采用了一种基于标记的 3D 几何形态测量方法。我们的分析包括 30 种现存的类人猿分类群的数据。使用 Procrustes 分析对数据进行转换和注册，并通过检查主成分进行分析。进行了两次分析：一次排除了智人，另一次包括了智人。第一次分析的结果表明，在人科中，坐骨形态的总多样性明显大于在长尾猴科中。这似乎是由于人科中大小多样性（即，异速生长效应）的影响更大。该分析还显示了人科和长尾猴科在坐骨形状方面的明显的分类/系统发育区别。第二次分析表明，在现存的黑猩猩和人类之间，形状空间中的 Procrustes 距离明显大于任何两个非人类类人猿分类群之间的距离。因此，该分析在比较的基础上，量化了人科进化过程对人类骨盆形态的巨大影响，即使在相对较短的进化时间内也是如此。
