Blanchard R J, Blanchard D C, Weiss S M, Meyer S
Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1990 Apr;35(4):775-80. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(90)90357-n.
In a straight alley containing a cat odor stimulus rats show high rates of risk assessment, including flat back approach and stretch attend behaviors oriented toward the threat stimulus and contact with the stimulus. In this situation, diazepam (2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg) significantly reduced risk assessment measures (flat back approach + stretch attend), while not reliably altering control locomotion (curved back). In combination with earlier findings that the same doses of diazepam reliably increased risk assessment from a movement arrest baseline, these results strongly support a behavioral model of anxiety involving predictable nonmonotonic changes in risk assessment as a function of anxiety reduction. In comparison to diazepam, ethanol had less pronounced effects on the Cat Odor Test, as in earlier tasks of reactivity to potential threat. However, reliable dose x time interactions for risk assessment measures suggest ethanol effects similar to those of diazepam but most pronounced in initial stages in the test session.
在一条有猫气味刺激的直通道中，大鼠表现出较高的风险评估率，包括平背接近和伸展关注行为，这些行为朝向威胁刺激并与刺激物接触。在这种情况下，地西泮（2.0和4.0毫克/千克）显著降低了风险评估指标（平背接近+伸展关注），而对对照运动（弓背）没有可靠的改变。结合早期发现，即相同剂量的地西泮能可靠地从运动停止基线增加风险评估，这些结果有力地支持了一种焦虑行为模型，该模型涉及风险评估随焦虑降低而出现可预测的非单调变化。与地西泮相比，乙醇对猫气味测试的影响较小，就像在早期对潜在威胁的反应任务中一样。然而，风险评估指标的可靠剂量×时间相互作用表明，乙醇的作用与地西泮相似，但在测试阶段的初始阶段最为明显。
