Wu Qingping, Xue Liang, Zhang Jumei
Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base), South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2012 Dec 4;52(12):1431-8.
Noroviruses are regarded as the leading cause of epidemic gastroenteritis all over the world, with a wealth of genetic diversity. And GII. 4 is regarded as the predominant strain, which has constantly infected humans attributed to a fast rate of evolution in the past two decades. With the discovery of virus binding-receptor and understanding of immune specificity, the research of evolution mechanism of the virus has been continuously developed recently. It has been hypothesized that the receptor switching and antigenic drift maintains GII. 4 persistence in human populations. Also the RNA viruses, high mutation rate and the limited space of genomic variation have also affected the direction of norovirus evolution.
诺如病毒被认为是全球流行性肠胃炎的主要病因，具有丰富的遗传多样性。其中GII.4被视为主要毒株，在过去二十年中，由于其快速的进化速度，该毒株持续感染人类。随着病毒结合受体的发现以及对免疫特异性的了解，近年来对该病毒进化机制的研究不断深入。据推测，受体转换和抗原漂移维持了GII.4在人群中的持续存在。此外，作为RNA病毒，高突变率和有限的基因组变异空间也影响了诺如病毒的进化方向。
