TNO, P.O. Box 96864, 2509 JG, The Hague, The Netherlands.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2013 Mar;133(3):1335-46. doi: 10.1121/1.4776176.
The detection performance of an active sonar depends on the intensity of the signal (target echo) relative to that of a background of reverberation plus noise. The echo is calculated for a standard test problem by convolving the time-domain impulse response at the target position with itself. The same approach is applied to a closely related test problem for reverberation by integrating over scatterers at all ranges. The result is compared with a widely used rule whereby the reverberation intensity is approximated by integrating the product of the source, propagation, and scattering factors over grazing angle. The error resulting from this approximation, which increases with increasing grazing angle and tends to infinity as the upper limit of integration tends to π/2, can be corrected by including a simple trigonometric multiplying factor in the integrand.
主动声纳的探测性能取决于信号（目标回波）的强度相对于混响加噪声背景的强度。通过将目标位置的时域脉冲响应与自身进行卷积，计算出标准测试问题的回波。通过对所有距离上的散射体进行积分，对与回波密切相关的测试问题采用相同的方法。将结果与一种广泛使用的规则进行比较，该规则通过对源、传播和散射因子在掠射角上的乘积进行积分来近似混响强度。这种近似会导致误差，随着掠射角的增加而增加，并随着积分上限趋于π/2 而趋于无穷大，可以通过在积分项中包含一个简单的三角函数乘子来修正。
