Gene expression of apoptosis-related genes, stress protein and antioxidant enzymes in hemocytes of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under nitrite stress.

Apoptotic cell ratio and mRNA expression of caspase-3, cathepsin B (CTSB), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin (TRx) in hemocytes of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to nitrite-N (20 mg/L) was investigated at different stress time (0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h). The apoptotic cell ratio and mRNA expression level of CTSB were significantly increased in shrimp exposed to nitrite-N for 48 and 72 h. Caspase-3 mRNA expression level significantly increased by 766.50% and 1811.16% for 24 and 48 h exposure, respectively. HSP70 expression level significantly increased at 8 and 72 h exposure. MnSOD mRNA expression in hemocytes up-regulated at 8 and 48 h, while CAT mRNA expression level increased at 24 and 48 h. GPx expression showed a trend that increased first and then decreased. Significant increases of GPx expression were observed at 8 and 12 h exposure. Expression level of TRx reached its highest level after 48 h exposure. These results suggest that nitrite exposure induces expression of apoptosis-related genes in hemocytes, and subsequently caused hemocyte apoptosis. Meanwhile, expression levels of HSP70 and antioxidant enzymes up-regulated to protect the hemocyte against nitrite stress.