University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Jamova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Environ Res. 2013 Aug;125:103-12. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.12.013. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
The recent developments in pollutant measurement methods and techniques necessitate improvements in modelling approaches. The models used so far have been based on seasonally averaged data, which is insufficient for making short-term predictions. We have improved the existing modelling tools for pollutant transport and dispersion on three levels. We significantly refined the numerical grid; we used temporally and spatially non-uniform meteorological parameters for predicting pollutant dispersion and transformation processes; we used grid nesting in order to improve the open boundary condition. We worked on a typical contaminated site (The Gulf of Trieste), where mercury poses a significant environmental threat and where an oil-spill is a realistic possibility. By calculating evasion we improved the mass balance of mercury in the Gulf. We demonstrated that the spreading of river plumes under typical wind conditions is different than has so far been indicated by model simulations. We also simulated an oil-spill in real time. The improved modelling approaches and the upgraded models are now suitable for use with the state-of-the-art measurements technology and can represent an important contribution to the decision-making process.
污染物测量方法和技术的最新发展需要改进建模方法。迄今为止使用的模型基于季节性平均数据，这对于进行短期预测是不够的。我们在三个层面上改进了现有的污染物输运和扩散建模工具。我们显著细化了数值网格；我们使用时空不均匀的气象参数来预测污染物扩散和转化过程；我们使用网格嵌套来改善开阔边界条件。我们在一个典型的污染场地（的里雅斯特湾）进行了研究，那里汞对环境构成了重大威胁，并且存在溢油的现实可能性。通过计算逸度，我们改善了汞在海湾的质量平衡。我们证明，在典型风况下，河流羽流的扩散与模型模拟迄今为止所表明的情况不同。我们还实时模拟了溢油事件。改进的建模方法和升级的模型现在适用于最先进的测量技术，可以为决策过程做出重要贡献。
