Family Health Division, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA.
J Trop Pediatr. 2013 Aug;59(4):258-65. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmt012. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
This review summarizes research findings to date on neurological and health outcomes following preterm birth, tools to identify children at risk for neurodevelopmental impairment and interventions to prevent preterm birth and improve outcomes. We bring together findings from research in high- and low-income countries, with an aim to provide a global perspective on the issues. Around the world, preterm birth is rising in importance as a cause of under-five morbidity and mortality, and we project that this trend will continue over time, particularly given the lack of interventions to prevent the condition. With the development of improved screening instruments, further identification and scale up of cost-effective interventions to optimize early childhood development and accelerated research on the underlying biological mechanisms, we have an opportunity to reduce rates of neurodevelopmental impairment, particularly in countries with the highest burden.
这篇综述总结了迄今为止关于早产儿的神经和健康结果的研究结果、识别有神经发育障碍风险的儿童的工具，以及预防早产和改善结局的干预措施。我们汇集了高收入和低收入国家的研究结果，旨在提供对这些问题的全球视角。在全球范围内，早产作为导致五岁以下儿童发病率和死亡率的原因，其重要性日益增加，我们预计随着时间的推移，这种趋势将持续下去，特别是因为缺乏预防这种情况的干预措施。随着改进的筛查工具的发展，进一步确定和扩大具有成本效益的干预措施，以优化儿童早期发展，并加速对潜在生物学机制的研究，我们有机会降低神经发育障碍的发生率，特别是在负担最重的国家。
