School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Psychiatry. 2013 Mar 12;4:14. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00014. eCollection 2013.
Relapse to drug seeking after treatment or a period of abstinence remains a fundamental challenge for drug users. The retrieval - extinction procedure offers promise in augmenting the efficacy of exposure based treatment for drug use and for protecting against relapse to drug seeking. Preceding extinction training with a brief retrieval or reminder trial, retrieval - extinction training, has been shown to reduce reinstatement of extinguished drug seeking in animal models and also to produce profound and long lasting decrements in cue-induced craving in human heroin users. However, the mechanisms that mediate these effects of retrieval - extinction training are unclear. Moreover, under some circumstances, the retrieval - extinction procedure can significantly increase vulnerability to reinstatement in animal models.
治疗或一段时间的戒断后，药物寻求的复发仍然是吸毒者面临的一个基本挑战。检索-消除程序有望增强基于暴露的药物治疗效果，并防止药物寻求的复发。在进行消退训练之前，进行短暂的检索或提示试验，即检索-消退训练，已被证明可以减少动物模型中已消退的药物寻求的复燃，并在人类海洛因使用者中产生深刻而持久的线索诱发的渴求减少。然而，介导检索-消退训练这些效果的机制尚不清楚。此外，在某些情况下，检索-消退程序会显著增加动物模型中复燃的易感性。
