Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(41):7237-43. doi: 10.2174/138161281941131219124856.
Complications related to infectious diseases have significantly reduced, specially in the developed countries, due to the availability and use of a wide variety of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents, however, anti-infective therapy is still not considered to be optimal. Excessive use of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents increased the number of drug resistant pathogens, leading to urgent need for advanced therapeutic strategies. Nanotechnology and nanomedicine provide platform for advanced therapeutic strategies of various infectious diseases, as nanomedicine, due to small size and targeted designed nano sized particles, permit passage through many previously impermeable biological membranes, often resulting in targeted delivery of antimicrobials. In particular, specific properties of nanomaterials and nanodelivery systems enable their closer and more efficient interactions with pathogen membranes and cell walls. The focus of this review is on the strategies and benefits related to using nanotechnology and nanomedicine in the topical therapy of skin infectious diseases. Current status and future prospects of most promising nanodelivery systems for antibiotics and antimicrobials delivery are discussed, and issues related to potential toxicity of such systems are addressed.
由于各种抗生素和抗菌药物的广泛应用，传染病相关的并发症已显著减少，特别是在发达国家，但抗感染治疗仍不尽如人意。抗生素和抗菌药物的过度使用增加了耐药病原体的数量，导致迫切需要先进的治疗策略。纳米技术和纳米医学为各种传染病的先进治疗策略提供了平台，因为纳米医学由于其体积小和靶向设计的纳米级颗粒，允许通过许多以前不可渗透的生物膜，通常导致抗生素的靶向递送。特别是，纳米材料和纳米递药系统的特定性质使其能够更紧密、更有效地与病原体膜和细胞壁相互作用。本综述的重点是讨论在皮肤传染病的局部治疗中使用纳米技术和纳米医学的策略和益处。讨论了最有前途的抗生素和抗菌药物递药纳米递药系统的现状和未来前景，并解决了与这类系统潜在毒性相关的问题。
