Toth P, Linseman M A, Perlanski E, Grupp L A
Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1990 May;36(1):69-76. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(90)90127-4.
The present study investigated a possible role for neural signals sent from the liver and stomach to the brain in the regulation of alcohol intake. Experiment 1 showed that gastric vagotomy (GVX) reduced the intake of 3% alcohol and 6% alcohol, while water intake was increased. This effect was not due to an alteration in pharmacokinetics, although an alteration in taste function could not be ruled out. Angiotensin II reduced the intake of 6% alcohol and stimulated the intake of water similarly in both GVX and sham groups. In Experiment 2 rats were subjected to hepatic vagotomy or sham laparotomy and then offered a choice between an alcohol solution and tap water for 40 min each day. Although hepatic vagotomy (HVX) did not alter the intake of 3% alcohol or water, 6% alcohol intake was significantly reduced. Angiotensin II decreased 6% alcohol intake and increased water intake similarly in both groups. These experiments indicated that interrupting information from the liver and stomach to the brain by selective gastric and hepatic vagotomy can decrease voluntary alcohol intake. Since vagal afferent nerves are thought to participate in the control of food intake, the present findings support the hypothesis that the "food-like" qualities of alcohol, i.e., calories and taste, can contribute to the regulation of alcohol intake.
本研究调查了从肝脏和胃发送至大脑的神经信号在酒精摄入量调节中的可能作用。实验1表明，胃迷走神经切断术（GVX）减少了3%酒精和6%酒精的摄入量，同时水的摄入量增加。尽管不能排除味觉功能改变的可能性，但这种效应并非由于药代动力学的改变。血管紧张素II在GVX组和假手术组中均类似地减少了6%酒精的摄入量并刺激了水的摄入量。在实验2中，对大鼠进行肝迷走神经切断术或假剖腹手术，然后每天让它们在酒精溶液和自来水中选择40分钟。尽管肝迷走神经切断术（HVX）并未改变3%酒精或水的摄入量，但6%酒精的摄入量显著减少。血管紧张素II在两组中均类似地降低了6%酒精的摄入量并增加了水的摄入量。这些实验表明，通过选择性胃迷走神经切断术和肝迷走神经切断术中断从肝脏和胃到大脑的信息，可以减少自愿酒精摄入量。由于迷走传入神经被认为参与食物摄入量的控制，目前的研究结果支持这样的假设，即酒精的“类似食物”特性，即热量和味道，可有助于酒精摄入量的调节。
