Tanca Alessandro, Deligios Massimo, Addis Maria Filippa, Uzzau Sergio
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2013 Mar 14;7(3):182-90. doi: 10.3855/jidc.3027.
New technologies have shown significant promise in the fight against infectious diseases, with the discovery of novel molecular targets for in vitro diagnostics and the improved design of vaccines. In developing countries, especially in areas of neglected diseases and resources-poor settings, a number of technological innovations are further needed, such as the integration of old and new biomarkers in suitable analysis platforms, the simplification of existing analysis systems, and the improvement of sample preservation and management. However, in these areas, identification of new biomarkers for infectious diseases is still a core issue in the diagnostic quest. Similarly, new technologies will allow scientists to design vaccines with improved immunogenicity, efficacy and safety in the local area, according to the circulating pathogenic strains and the genetic background of the population to be immunized. In this work we review the current omics-based technologies and their potential for accelerating the development of next generation vaccines and the identification of biomarkers suitable for point-of-care (POC) diagnostic applications.
新技术在抗击传染病方面显示出巨大潜力，包括发现用于体外诊断的新型分子靶点以及改进疫苗设计。在发展中国家，尤其是在被忽视疾病和资源匮乏地区，还需要许多技术创新，例如在合适的分析平台上整合新旧生物标志物、简化现有分析系统以及改善样本保存和管理。然而，在这些领域，识别传染病的新生物标志物仍然是诊断探索中的核心问题。同样，新技术将使科学家能够根据当地流行的致病菌株和待免疫人群的遗传背景，设计出在当地具有更高免疫原性、效力和安全性的疫苗。在这项工作中，我们回顾了当前基于组学的技术及其在加速下一代疫苗开发和识别适用于即时检测（POC）诊断应用的生物标志物方面的潜力。
