Karrer W
Luzerner Höhenklinik Montana.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1990 May 22;79(21):661-2, 663-5.
The most effective prevention of an infectious disease is the correct treatment of patients already affected. While dealing with infected tuberculosis patients one has to take hygienic measures in order to protect doctors and nursing staff as well as relatives. However, very often neither the source of infection nor other affected persons are known. Through careful examination of the environment such patients have to be defined and treated accordingly. Other possibilities of reducing the danger of infection are BCG-vaccination and serial examination of high risk groups (especially tuberculin skin test). For newly infected patients or patients with extended residues on x-ray, chemoprophylaxis is used.
预防传染病最有效的方法是对已感染的患者进行正确治疗。在治疗感染结核病的患者时，必须采取卫生措施，以保护医生、护理人员以及亲属。然而，感染源和其他受影响的人往往都不明确。必须通过仔细检查环境来确定此类患者并进行相应治疗。降低感染风险的其他方法包括卡介苗接种和对高危人群进行定期检查（尤其是结核菌素皮肤试验）。对于新感染患者或X线显示有广泛病灶残留的患者，需采用化学预防措施。
