Inclusions in topaz from miarolitic pegmatites of the Volodarsk-Volynski Massif (Ukraine)--a Raman spectroscopic study.

The differently coloured (colourless, brown-pinkish and blue-pinkish) crystals of topaz from granitic pegmatites of Volodarsk-Volynsky Massif (VVM) have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman microspectroscopy (RS) methods. Topaz (287, 522, 855, 929 cm(-1)), goethite (390 cm(-1)), pyrite (377-379 cm(-1)), marcasite (397 and 331 cm(-1)) and monazite (460 and 970-1070 cm(-1)) were identified as mineral inclusions in analysed crystals. On the basis of RS spectra some of this inclusions contain also organic matter, represented by carbonaceous matter (D-band at ca. 1320-1340 cm(-1) and G-band at ca. 1590-1600 cm(-1)) and liquid simple hydrocarbons consisting of aliphatic and aromatic groups (1240, 1325 and 1420 cm(-1)). Other solid phases found the host topaz, i.e. quartz, orthoclase, very rare minerals (micas) as lepidolite, zinnwaldite and also beryl and rutile, were identified with SEM-EDS analyses. All these mineral inclusions have been formed by post-magmatic, fluid-induced processes, extended from pegmatite to hydrothermal stages of magma crystallization.