Gazzinelli Maria Flávia, Souza Vânia de, Araújo Lucas Henrique Lobato de, Costa Relbson de Matos, Soares Amanda Nathale, Maia Cláudia Peres Costa
Departamento de Enfermagem Aplicada, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade, Federal de Minas Gerais, 190 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2012 Dec;46(6):999-1006.
To analyze the effects of a pedagogical intervention on the learning of children and teenagers participating in a clinical research.
Quantitative, quasi-experimental and longitudinal study, part of a group of studies conducted to test a vaccine against ancylostomiasis. Convenience sample with 133 students aged 10-17 years, of both sexes, from the school Escola Municipal de Maranhão (Southeastern Brazil), 2009. A structured questionnaire was used, which was administered before and after the intervention. The pedagogical device was the "Theater of the Oppressed". The dependent variables were specific and global knowledge about clinical research and about parasitic worms; the independent variable was participation in the educational intervention.
There was an increase in knowledge about signals and symptoms, susceptibility to reinfection and way of contagion after the educational intervention. We observed an increase in the number of right answers concerning duration of clinical research, procedures, the possibility of quitting participation, and occurrence of adverse events. The notion that the research's primary purpose is therapeutic remained, but the percentage of participants who associated the research with medical treatment decreased. The "Theater of the Oppressed" enabled that the discussions about helminthiasis and clinical research were contextualized and materialized. The subjects could dispose of or reduce their previous representations.
Participation of children and adolescents in clinical trials must be preceded by an educational intervention, since individuals of that age group do not even recognize they have the right to decide for themselves.
分析一种教学干预对参与临床研究的儿童和青少年学习效果的影响。
定量、准实验和纵向研究，是为测试一种抗钩虫病疫苗而开展的一组研究的一部分。2009年，从巴西东南部马拉尼昂市立学校选取了133名年龄在10 - 17岁的学生作为便利样本，涵盖男女。使用了一份结构化问卷，在干预前后进行发放。教学手段为“被压迫者剧场”。因变量是关于临床研究和寄生虫的具体及总体知识；自变量是参与教育干预。
教育干预后，关于体征和症状、再感染易感性及传染方式的知识有所增加。我们观察到，在临床研究持续时间、程序、退出参与的可能性以及不良事件发生情况等方面的正确答案数量有所增加。研究的主要目的是治疗这一观念依然存在，但将研究与医疗治疗联系起来的参与者比例有所下降。“被压迫者剧场”使关于蠕虫病和临床研究的讨论得以情境化和具体化。受试者能够摒弃或减少他们先前的认知。
儿童和青少年参与临床试验之前必须进行教育干预，因为该年龄组的个体甚至没有意识到他们有权自行做决定。
