巴西学龄儿童牙外伤的患病率及相关因素

Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries and associated factors among Brazilian schoolchildren.

作者信息

Francisco Simone Scandiuzzi, Filho Francisco Jóse, Pinheiro Ericka Tavares, Murrer Rodrigo Dutra, de Jesus Soares Adriana

机构信息

School of Dentistry, Faculdade Leao Sampaio, Juazaeiro do Norte, Brazil.

出版信息

Oral Health Prev Dent. 2013;11(1):31-8. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a29373.

DOI:10.3290/j.ohpd.a29373

PMID:23507679

Abstract

PURPOSE

To assess the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries to permanent anterior teeth in 9- to 14-year-old schoolchildren attending public schools in Anápolis, Brazil, and to investigate the association between the occurrence of these injuries and the size of incisal overjet and type of lip coverage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A cross-sectional survey and a two-stage cluster sampling technique were used. The sample size included 765 9- to 14-year-old schoolchildren. Data were collected through clinical examinations and interviews carried out by a trained, calibrated dentist. Oral examinations dealt with the type of traumatic dental injury (TDI), the treatment received, the size of incisal overjet and the type of lip coverage. The teeth examined were maxillary and mandibular incisors.

RESULTS

A 16.5% prevalence of dental trauma was found. Boys experienced double the number of girls' injuries. The maxillary central incisors were the teeth most affected, totaling 84.8%. The most frequent type of injury found was enamel fracture (66%), followed by enamel-dentin fracture (27%) and enamel cracks (5%). Only 26% of traumatised teeth were restored. Children with an overjet size > 3 mm were 1.78 times (CI= 1.18 - 2.69) more likely to have a dental injury than children with an overjet size <= 3 mm. Children with inadequate lip coverage were 2.18 times (CI= 1.27 - 3.76) more likely to experience dental trauma than children whose lip coverage was adequate.

CONCLUSION

This study shows that the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among schoolchildren in Anápolis, Brazil is similar to that of other regions in Brazil. The teeth most affected by dental trauma are the maxillary central incisors. Boys run a 2.03-times higher risk of crown fracture than girls, and children with an overjet size > 3 mm are 1.78 times more likely to have dental injuries. In addition, children with inadequate lip coverage are 2.18 times more likely to present traumatic dental injuries than children with adequate lip coverage.

摘要

目的

评估巴西阿纳波利斯市公立学校9至14岁学童恒牙前牙创伤性牙损伤的患病率，并调查这些损伤的发生与切牙覆盖度大小及唇覆盖类型之间的关联。

材料与方法

采用横断面调查和两阶段整群抽样技术。样本量包括765名9至14岁的学童。数据通过由经过培训且校准过的牙医进行的临床检查和访谈收集。口腔检查涉及创伤性牙损伤（TDI）的类型、接受的治疗、切牙覆盖度大小和唇覆盖类型。检查的牙齿为上颌和下颌切牙。

结果

发现牙外伤患病率为16.5%。男孩受伤的数量是女孩的两倍。上颌中切牙是受影响最严重的牙齿，总计84.8%。最常见的损伤类型是釉质骨折（66%），其次是釉质 - 牙本质骨折（27%）和釉质裂纹（5%）。仅有26%的受伤牙齿得到了修复。切牙覆盖度大于3mm的儿童发生牙损伤的可能性是切牙覆盖度小于等于3mm儿童的1.78倍（CI = 1.18 - 2.69）。唇覆盖不足的儿童发生牙外伤的可能性是唇覆盖充足儿童的2.18倍（CI = 1.27 - 3.76）。