Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enghelab Ave, P.O.Box:14155/6451, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jul;69(7):1375-90. doi: 10.1007/s00228-013-1494-8. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
To review available evidence on the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a prophylactic agent in the prevention of non-contrast media agent-induced kidney injury.
Data were collected by searching Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Science direct and Cochrane database systematic reviews. A total of 26 relevant experimental studies up to the date of publication were included in the review.
Available evidence shows that NAC has the potential to exert significant protective or ameliorative effects against drug-induced kidney injury in experimental models. The possible suggested renoprotective mechanisms of NAC in different experimental settings were acting as an antioxidant by restoring the pool of intracellular reduced glutathione, scavenging of free radicals, and/or interacting with reactive oxygen species.
Whether the administration of NAC could be an effective protective clinical strategy to prevent drug-induced kidney injury or not is a question that remains to be answered in future clinical trials.
综述 N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）作为预防非对比剂诱导的肾损伤的预防剂的有效性的现有证据。
通过搜索 Scopus、PubMed、Medline、Science direct 和 Cochrane 数据库系统评价收集数据。综述共纳入了截至发表日期的 26 项相关的实验研究。
现有证据表明，NAC 有可能对实验模型中的药物诱导的肾损伤发挥显著的保护或改善作用。在不同的实验环境下，NAC 可能的肾保护机制是通过恢复细胞内还原型谷胱甘肽的池、清除自由基和/或与活性氧相互作用来发挥抗氧化作用。
NAC 的给药是否可以成为预防药物诱导的肾损伤的有效保护临床策略，这是一个需要在未来的临床试验中回答的问题。
