Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Glob Public Health. 2013;8(5):588-606. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2013.776093. Epub 2013 Mar 27.
Despite increasing awareness that domestic violence is a major public health problem, existing studies focus on physical and sexual violence and give little attention to psychological violence. This study uses data from the 2008 Bolivia Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) to examine the prevalence and correlates of physical, sexual, and psychological intimate partner violence in Bolivia. The results show that psychological intimate partner violence is extremely common (affecting nearly one in two women) and often occurs in addition to physical violence. While physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence have several common predictors, there are factors that only affect some types of violence. Common risk factors include urban residence, respondent's employment status and having witnessed interparental violence in childhood. Although marital status is not a risk factor for physical violence, unmarried cohabitation is a strong risk factor for psychological intimate partner violence. Our findings highlight the need for research to assess the potential consequences of psychological intimate partner violence, particularly for women's mental health.
尽管人们越来越意识到家庭暴力是一个主要的公共卫生问题,但现有研究主要关注身体暴力和性暴力,而对心理暴力关注甚少。本研究利用 2008 年玻利维亚人口与健康调查(BDHS)的数据,考察了玻利维亚身体、性和心理亲密伴侣暴力的流行情况及其相关因素。结果表明,心理亲密伴侣暴力极其普遍(几乎每两个妇女中就有一个受到影响),而且往往与身体暴力同时发生。虽然身体、心理和性亲密伴侣暴力有一些共同的预测因素,但也有一些因素只影响某些类型的暴力。共同的危险因素包括城市居住、受访者的就业状况和在童年时期目睹过父母间的暴力行为。虽然婚姻状况不是身体暴力的危险因素,但未婚同居是心理亲密伴侣暴力的一个强烈危险因素。我们的研究结果强调了需要进行研究来评估心理亲密伴侣暴力的潜在后果,特别是对妇女心理健康的影响。