Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013 Aug;14(8):585-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.02.006. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
The loss of muscle mass with aging reduces muscle strength, impairs functional capacity, and increases the risk of developing chronic metabolic disease. It has been suggested that the development of type 2 diabetes results in a more rapid decline in muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity.
To investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes on muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity in an older population.
Muscle mass (DXA and muscle biopsies), strength (1-repetition maximum), functional capacity (sit-to-stand test and handgrip strength), and reaction time performance (computer task) were compared between 60 older men with type 2 diabetes (71 ± 1 years) and 32 age-matched normoglycemic controls (70 ± 1 years). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA to adjust for several potential confounders.
Leg lean mass and appendicular skeletal muscle mass were significantly lower in older men with type 2 diabetes (19.1 ± 0.3 and 25.9 ± 0.4 kg, respectively) compared with normoglycemic controls (19.7 ± 0.3 and 26.7 ± 0.5 kg, respectively). Additionally, leg extension strength was significantly lower in the group with type 2 diabetes (84 ± 2 vs 91 ± 2 kg, respectively). In agreement, functional performance was impaired in the men with type 2 diabetes, with longer sit-to-stand time (9.1 ± 0.4 vs 7.8 ± 0.3 seconds) and lower handgrip strength (39.5 ± 5.8 vs 44.6 ± 6.1 kg) when compared with normoglycemic controls. However, muscle fiber size and reaction time performance did not differ between groups.
Older patients with type 2 diabetes show an accelerated decline in leg lean mass, muscle strength, and functional capacity when compared with normoglycemic controls. Exercise intervention programs should be individualized to specifically target muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity in the older population with type 2 diabetes.
随着年龄的增长，肌肉质量的减少会降低肌肉力量，损害身体机能，增加患慢性代谢性疾病的风险。有人认为，2 型糖尿病的发展会导致肌肉质量、力量和身体机能更快下降。
研究 2 型糖尿病对老年人群肌肉质量、力量和身体机能的影响。
比较 60 名年龄较大的 2 型糖尿病男性（71±1 岁）和 32 名年龄匹配的血糖正常对照组（70±1 岁）的肌肉质量（DXA 和肌肉活检）、力量（1 次重复最大值）、身体机能（坐站测试和手握力）和反应时间表现（计算机任务）。使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）来调整几个潜在的混杂因素。
与血糖正常对照组（19.7±0.3kg 和 26.7±0.5kg）相比，2 型糖尿病老年男性的腿部瘦体重和四肢骨骼肌质量明显较低（19.1±0.3kg 和 25.9±0.4kg）。此外，2 型糖尿病组的腿部伸展力量也明显较低（84±2kg 对 91±2kg）。相应地，2 型糖尿病男性的身体机能受损，坐站时间更长（9.1±0.4s 对 7.8±0.3s），手握力更低（39.5±5.8kg 对 44.6±6.1kg）。然而，两组间的肌肉纤维大小和反应时间表现没有差异。
与血糖正常对照组相比，年龄较大的 2 型糖尿病患者的腿部瘦体重、肌肉力量和身体机能下降更快。针对 2 型糖尿病老年人群的运动干预计划应个体化，专门针对肌肉质量、力量和身体机能。
