伊朗各省6岁儿童入学准备情况与自闭症的不平等：全国健康评估调查结果
Inequality in School Readiness and Autism among 6-Year-Old Children across Iranian Provinces: National Health Assessment Survey Results.
作者信息
Masoud Amiri, Roya Kelishadi, Mohammad-Esmaeil Motlagh, Mahnaz Taslimi, Marziyeh Dashti, Tahereh Aminaee, Gelayol Ardalan, Parinaz Poursafa
机构信息
Social Health Determinants Research Center and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Pediatr. 2013 Feb;23(1):71-8.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the national inequality of school readiness and autism among 6-year-old Iranian children before school entry using a national health assessment survey.
METHODS
In a cross-sectional nationwide survey, all Iranian children entering public and private elementary schools were asked to participate in a mandatory national screening program in Iran in 2009 in two levels of screening and diagnostic levels.
FINDINGS
The study population consisted of 955388 children (48.5% girls and 76.1% urban residents). Of the whole children, 3.1% of the 6-year-old children had impaired vision. In addition, 1.2, 1.8, 1.4, 7.6, 0.08, 10, 10.9, 56.7, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.6 percent had color blindness, hearing impaired, speech disorder, school readiness, autism, height to age retardation, body mass index extremes, decayed teeth, disease with special needs, spinal disorders, and hypertension, respectively. The distribution of these disorders was unequally distributed across provinces.
CONCLUSION
Our results confirmed that there is an inequality in distribution of school readiness and autism in 6-year-old children across Iranian provinces. The observed burden of these distributions among young children needs a comprehensive national policy with evidence-based province programs to identify the reason for different inequality among provinces.
目的
利用一项全国性健康评估调查，评估伊朗6岁儿童入学前在入学准备和自闭症方面的全国性不平等情况。
方法
在一项全国性横断面调查中，所有进入公立和私立小学的伊朗儿童被要求参与2009年伊朗的一项强制性全国筛查项目，该项目分为筛查和诊断两个层面。
研究结果
研究人群包括955388名儿童（48.5%为女孩，76.1%为城市居民）。在所有儿童中，6岁儿童中有3.1%视力受损。此外，分别有1.2%、1.8%、1.4%、7.6%、0.08%、10%、10.9%、56.7%、0.7%、0.8%和0.6%的儿童患有色盲、听力障碍、言语障碍、入学准备不足、自闭症、身高低于年龄标准、体重指数异常、龋齿、特殊需求疾病、脊柱疾病和高血压。这些疾病的分布在各省份之间不均衡。
结论
我们的结果证实，伊朗各省份6岁儿童在入学准备和自闭症的分布上存在不平等。在幼儿中观察到的这些分布负担需要一项全面的国家政策以及基于证据的省级项目，以查明各省份之间不同不平等现象的原因。
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