Khan Wasim S, Hardingham Timothy E
University College London Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, London HA7 4LP, UK.
J Stem Cells. 2012;7(2):97-104.
Tissue is frequently damaged or lost in injury and disease. There has been an increasing interest in stem cell applications and tissue engineering approaches in surgical practice to deal with damaged or lost tissue. Although there have been developments in almost all surgical disciplines, the greatest advances are being made in orthopaedics, especially in cartilage repair. This is due to many factors including the familiarity with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells and cartilage being a relatively simpler tissue to engineer. Unfortunately significant hurdles remain to be overcome in many areas before tissue engineering becomes more routinely used in clinical practice. In this paper we discuss the structure, function and embryology of cartilage and osteoarthritis. This is followed by a review of current treatment strategies for the repair of cartilage and the use of tissue engineering.
在损伤和疾病中，组织常常受损或缺失。在外科手术实践中，人们对干细胞应用和组织工程方法来处理受损或缺失组织的兴趣日益浓厚。尽管几乎所有外科领域都有进展，但骨科取得的进展最大，尤其是在软骨修复方面。这是由多种因素导致的，包括对骨髓来源的间充质干细胞的熟悉程度以及软骨是相对更容易进行工程化处理的组织。不幸的是，在组织工程更常规地应用于临床实践之前，许多领域仍有重大障碍有待克服。在本文中，我们讨论软骨的结构、功能和胚胎学以及骨关节炎。接下来是对当前软骨修复治疗策略和组织工程应用的综述。
