Graham Fiona, Robertson Linda, Anderson Jane
Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2013 Apr;60(2):120-8. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12000. Epub 2012 Dec 20.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Evidence-based practice is internationally recognised as an essential component of contemporary occupational therapy, and as being critical to the future of the profession. However, its uptake by therapists has been modest with barriers such as therapists attitudes, skills and organisational support frequently cited. This study explored New Zealand therapists' perceptions of their behaviours, skills and attitudes regarding evidence-based practice.
A survey comprising open and closed questions was emailed to all therapists holding practicing certificates who had consented to be contacted about research (n = 1587) with 30% (n = 473) of surveys returned. Therapists' evidence-based practice attitudes, skills and behaviours were examined using descriptive statistics. Relationships between therapists' perceptions of evidence-based practice and demographic characteristics of therapists were explored using Chi-square analysis. Text responses were analysed using content analysis.
New Zealand therapists have a positive attitude towards evidence-based practice (84%), but report moderate reference to research literature (56%) during clinical decision-making and moderate (66%) to low (35%) levels of confidence in research-related skills. Therapists with training in evidence-based practice had higher levels of confidence, perceived research as more relevant to practice and reported less barriers to implementing evidence-based practice than other therapists. A perception that evidence-based practice is separate to clinical reasoning was widely held.
New Zealand therapists' evidence-based practice behaviours, skills and attitudes are largely consistent with international comparisons. However, if New Zealand therapists are to enact the ideal of being 'evidence-based' then accessible training in evidence-based practice-related skills is indicated and should include education of what evidence-based practice means.
背景/目的：循证实践在国际上被公认为当代职业治疗的重要组成部分，对该专业的未来至关重要。然而，治疗师对其的接受程度并不高，经常提到的障碍包括治疗师的态度、技能和组织支持等。本研究探讨了新西兰治疗师对其循证实践行为、技能和态度的看法。
通过电子邮件向所有持有执业证书且同意就研究事宜被联系的治疗师（n = 1587）发送了一份包含开放式和封闭式问题的调查问卷，共收回30%（n = 473）的问卷。使用描述性统计方法检查治疗师的循证实践态度、技能和行为。使用卡方分析探讨治疗师对循证实践的看法与治疗师人口统计学特征之间的关系。对文本回复进行内容分析。
新西兰治疗师对循证实践持积极态度（84%），但在临床决策过程中提及研究文献的比例适中（56%），对与研究相关技能的信心处于中等（66%）至较低（35%）水平。接受过循证实践培训的治疗师比其他治疗师有更高的信心水平，认为研究与实践更相关，并且在实施循证实践方面报告的障碍更少。普遍认为循证实践与临床推理是分开的。
新西兰治疗师的循证实践行为、技能和态度在很大程度上与国际比较结果一致。然而，如果新西兰治疗师要践行“循证”的理想，那么就需要提供与循证实践相关技能的可获取培训，并且应该包括对循证实践含义的教育。
