Department of Cellular and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Mol Biol Cell. 2013 Jun;24(11):1688-99, S1-3. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E12-05-0386. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
Breast epithelial cells cultured in three-dimensional (3D) collagen gels undergo ductal morphogenesis when the gel is compliant and they can achieve tensional homeostasis. We previously showed that this process requires down-regulation of Rho in compliant collagen gels, but the mechanism remains undefined. In this study, we find that p190RhoGAP-B, but not p190RhoGAP-A, mediates down-regulation of RhoA activity and ductal morphogenesis in T47D cells cultured in compliant 3D collagen gels. In addition, both RhoA and p190RhoGAP-B colocalize with p120-catenin at sites of cell-cell contact. The association between p190RhoGAP-B and p120-catenin is regulated by matrix compliance such that it increases in compliant vs. rigid collagen gels. Furthermore, knockdown of p120-catenin disrupts ductal morphogenesis, disregulates RhoA activity, and results in loss of p190B at cell-cell contacts. Consistent with these findings, using a RhoA-specific FRET biosensor (RhoA-FLARE.sc), we determined spatial RhoA activity to be significantly decreased at cell-cell contacts versus cell-ECM adhesions, and, of importance, spatial RhoA activity is regulated by p190B. This finding suggests that RhoA exists as an inactive pool at cell-cell contacts and is recruited to cell-ECM contacts within stiff matrices. Overall, these results demonstrate that RhoA is down-regulated at cell-cell contacts through p190RhoGAP-B, which is localized to cell-cell contacts by association with p120-catenin that is regulated by tensional homeostasis.
在三维(3D)胶原凝胶中培养的乳腺上皮细胞在凝胶具有顺应性时会发生导管形态发生,并且它们可以实现张力稳态。我们之前表明,这个过程需要在顺应性胶原凝胶中下调 Rho,但其机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们发现 p190RhoGAP-B 而不是 p190RhoGAP-A 介导 T47D 细胞在顺应性 3D 胶原凝胶中培养时 RhoA 活性的下调和导管形态发生。此外,RhoA 和 p190RhoGAP-B 都与细胞-细胞连接处的 p120-连环蛋白共定位。p190RhoGAP-B 与 p120-连环蛋白的关联受基质顺应性调节,使得在顺应性与刚性胶原凝胶中增加。此外,p120-连环蛋白的敲低会破坏导管形态发生,扰乱 RhoA 活性,并导致细胞-细胞连接处的 p190B 丢失。与这些发现一致,使用 RhoA 特异性 FRET 生物传感器(RhoA-FLARE.sc),我们确定细胞-细胞连接处的空间 RhoA 活性明显低于细胞-ECM 附着处,并且重要的是,空间 RhoA 活性受 p190B 调节。这一发现表明 RhoA 在细胞-细胞连接处作为无活性池存在,并在刚性基质中被募集到细胞-ECM 接触点。总的来说,这些结果表明 RhoA 通过 p190RhoGAP-B 在细胞-细胞连接处下调,p190RhoGAP-B 通过与受张力稳态调节的 p120-连环蛋白的关联而被定位在细胞-细胞连接处。