Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2013 Aug;61(4):321-5. doi: 10.1007/s00005-013-0225-2. Epub 2013 Apr 4.
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are expressed on natural killer cells and minor subpopulations of thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes. KIRs may have a long cytoplasmic tail and inhibit cell activation upon ligand (HLA class I) binding, or they may have a short cytoplasmic tail and activate a cell after ligand binding. They are encoded by up to 14 genes present in different individuals in different combinations, whence their associations with several human diseases. KIR involvement in the fate of kidney allograft has not been extensively studied; nevertheless some associations had already been noticed. Their results are not concordant: some authors found no effect of KIR genotype, whereas others detected protective effect of KIR2DL2/KIR2DS2 or KIR-KIR ligand mismatch. We found an association of KIR2DS4 gene with acute rejection and a protective effect of KIR2DS5 gene. Interestingly, in patients, whose end-stage renal disease was caused by glomerulonephritis, the effect of KIR2DS4 was stronger than HLA mismatch, whereas opposite was true for recipients with other causes of renal failure.
杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体 (KIRs) 表达于自然杀伤细胞和少量胸腺衍生 (T) 淋巴细胞亚群上。KIRs 可能具有长胞质尾，在配体 (HLA Ⅰ类) 结合后抑制细胞激活，或者具有短胞质尾，在配体结合后激活细胞。它们由多达 14 个基因编码，这些基因在不同个体中以不同组合存在，因此与多种人类疾病相关。KIR 参与肾移植的命运尚未得到广泛研究；然而，已经注意到了一些关联。它们的结果不一致：一些作者发现 KIR 基因型没有影响，而另一些作者则检测到 KIR2DL2/KIR2DS2 或 KIR-KIR 配体不匹配的保护作用。我们发现 KIR2DS4 基因与急性排斥反应相关，KIR2DS5 基因具有保护作用。有趣的是，在终末期肾病由肾小球肾炎引起的患者中，KIR2DS4 的作用强于 HLA 不匹配，而对于其他原因导致肾衰竭的受者则相反。
