Speech intelligibility enhancement by interaural magnification.

Hearing-impaired persons suffer from loss of speech intelligibility in noisy environments as well as from a decrease in binaural performance (e.g., interaural time and intensity discrimination). In order to improve speech intelligibility for spatially separated signal and noise sources by compensating for the reduced binaural performance, we implemented an algorithm increasing binaural dissimilarity on a digital signal processor. This algorithm is a modification of the proposal by Durlach & Pang (J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1986; 80: 1849-1850). Speech discrimination experiments were performed under simulated spatial conditions with recordings of the speech material and the interfering noise source using a dummy head. With increasing complexity of the spatial masking condition, the binaural advantage as well as the benefits from the algorithm decreased for normal listeners. For four sensorineurally hearing-impaired listeners, only one spatial condition was tested. In addition, a battery of binaural tests (binaural masking level difference, interaural time and intensity discrimination) was performed. The results indicate that the benefits from the signal-processing technique are correlated with the remaining binaural performance.