Tyler R S
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1990;469:268-75.
Cochlear-implant performance can be improved by focusing on: 1) psychophysical studies to determine hearing limitations; 2) speech perception to suggest the most effective speech-processing strategies; 3) aural rehabilitation to effectively train patients to use the new electrical stimuli. Basic psychophysical studies have shown only weak correlations with speech perception. Perhaps more speech-like stimuli should be explored in psychophysical tasks. Studies on vowel and consonant recognition suggest enhancing all speech features, but particularly frication and place of articulation should help most patients. Probably the feature that would be the most beneficial to enhance is place of articulation, which is poorly coded even in the best patients. Empirical studies are needed to determine the ways in which these cues can be enhanced. Certain types of auditory training are likely to be beneficial, particularly when the signal is new, incomplete or distorted. However, much more research in aural rehabilitation is needed.
1）心理物理学研究以确定听力限制；2）言语感知以提出最有效的言语处理策略；3）听觉康复以有效地训练患者使用新的电刺激。基础心理物理学研究表明其与言语感知的相关性较弱。或许应在心理物理学任务中探索更多类似言语的刺激。关于元音和辅音识别的研究表明，增强所有言语特征均有帮助，但对于大多数患者而言，增强摩擦音和发音部位可能最为有效。可能最有益增强的特征是发音部位，即使是最佳状态的患者，该特征的编码也很差。需要进行实证研究以确定增强这些线索的方法。某些类型的听觉训练可能有益，尤其是当信号是新的、不完整的或失真的时候。然而，在听觉康复方面还需要更多的研究。
