Imperial College London, UK.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2013 Apr;32(4):661-8. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1348.
Policies that change the environment or context in which decisions are made and "nudge" people toward particular choices have been relatively ignored in health care. This article examines the role that approaches based on behavioral economics could play in "nudging" providers and patients in ways that could slow health care spending growth. The basic insight of behavioral economics is that behavior is guided by the very fallible human brain and greatly influenced by the environment or context in which choices are made. In policy arenas such as pensions and personal savings, approaches based on behavioral economics have provided notable results. In health care, such approaches have been used successfully but in limited ways, as in the use of surgical checklists that have increased patient safety and reduced costs. With health care spending climbing at unsustainable rates, we review the role that approaches based on behavioral economics could play in offering policy makers a potential set of new tools to slow spending growth.
在医疗保健领域，改变决策环境或背景并“推动”人们做出特定选择的政策相对被忽视。本文探讨了基于行为经济学的方法在“推动”提供者和患者方面可以发挥的作用，这些方法可能有助于减缓医疗保健支出的增长。行为经济学的基本观点是，行为受到非常不可靠的人类大脑的指导，并受到选择做出的环境或背景的极大影响。在养老金和个人储蓄等政策领域，基于行为经济学的方法已经取得了显著成果。在医疗保健领域，这些方法已经被成功地但有限地使用，例如使用手术清单，这提高了患者安全性并降低了成本。随着医疗保健支出以不可持续的速度攀升，我们审查了基于行为经济学的方法可以在为政策制定者提供一套潜在的新工具以减缓支出增长方面发挥的作用。
