Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40536- 0086.
Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(40):7026-35. doi: 10.2174/138161281940131209142843.
Stimulant use disorders are an unrelenting public health concern worldwide. Agonist replacement therapy is among the most effective strategies for managing substance use disorders including nicotine and opioid dependence. The present paper reviewed clinical data from human laboratory self-administration studies and clinical trials to determine whether agonist replacement therapy is a viable strategy for managing cocaine and/or amphetamine use disorders. The extant literature suggests that agonist replacement therapy may be effective for managing stimulant use disorders, however, the clinical selection of an agonist replacement medication likely needs to be based on the pharmacological mechanism of the medication and the stimulant abused by patients. Specifically, dopamine releasers appear most effective for reducing cocaine use whereas dopamine reuptake inhibitors appear most effective for reducing amphetamine use.
兴奋剂使用障碍是全球范围内一个持续存在的公共卫生问题。激动剂替代疗法是管理物质使用障碍（包括尼古丁和阿片类药物依赖）最有效的策略之一。本文综述了人类实验室自我给药研究和临床试验的临床数据，以确定激动剂替代疗法是否是管理可卡因和/或安非他命使用障碍的可行策略。现有文献表明，激动剂替代疗法可能对管理兴奋剂使用障碍有效，然而，激动剂替代药物的临床选择可能需要基于药物的药理学机制和患者滥用的兴奋剂。具体来说，多巴胺释放剂似乎对减少可卡因使用最有效，而多巴胺再摄取抑制剂似乎对减少安非他命使用最有效。
