Zhao Ya-ling, Ma Run-mei, Liang Kun, Huang Yong-kun, Ding Zhen-bo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Jan 22;93(4):289-92.
To compare body composition at birth in the appropriate-for-gestational-age infants of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance and determine the influencing factors of body composition in infants of women with GDM and normal glucose tolerance.
A study was conducted on 160 appropriate-for-gestational-age infants (90 males and 70 females) of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group) and 284 appropriate-for-gestational-age infants (139 males and 145 females) of women with normal glucose tolerance (control group). Anthropometric measurements were obtained within 24 to 48 hours of birth. Multiple stepwise regression was used to determine the correlating factors of fat mass, percent of body fat and fat free mass mass.
There were no significant difference in gestational age, birth weight, length, body mass index, circumferences of head, chest and upper arm, biceps, abdominal superficial skin fold between two groups (all P > 0.05), but GDM group was characterized by higher skin folds of triceps and subscapular and flank versus control group(all P = 0.000). GDM group had greater fat mass but decreased fat free mass versus control group ((585 ± 59) vs (480 ± 74) g, 17.8% ± 0.8% vs 14.7% ± 1.9%, (2685 ± 127) vs (2784 ± 109) g, all P = 0.000). Stepwise regression showed that maternal fasting glucose level of oral glucose tolerance test and pre-gravid body mass index correlated with fat mass and percent of body fat. Fasting glucose level had the strongest correlation with fat mass and percent of body fat (P = 0.004, 0.006). Gestational age and maternal height correlated with fat free mass in GDM group (P = 0.040, 0.013). On the other hand, maternal weight gain correlated with fat mass (P = 0.015), fasting glucose level and maternal prepartal weight were correlated with percent of body fat (P = 0.002, 0.043) and pre-gravid body mass index had correlation with fat free mass in control group (P = 0.004).
The appropriate-for-gestational-age infants of women with GDM have increased fat mass and percent of body fat, but decreased fat free mass. Maternal fasting glucose level of oral glucose tolerance test, pre-gravid body mass index, weight gain and maternal prepartal weight are influencing factors of body composition in neonates.
比较妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）妇女和糖耐量正常妇女的适于胎龄儿出生时的身体成分，并确定GDM妇女和糖耐量正常妇女的婴儿身体成分的影响因素。
对160例妊娠期糖尿病妇女的适于胎龄儿（90例男性和70例女性）（GDM组）和284例糖耐量正常妇女的适于胎龄儿（139例男性和145例女性）（对照组）进行研究。在出生后24至48小时内进行人体测量。采用多元逐步回归分析来确定脂肪量、体脂百分比和去脂体重的相关因素。
两组在胎龄、出生体重、身长、体重指数、头围、胸围、上臂围、肱二头肌、腹部体表皮肤褶皱方面均无显著差异（均P>0.05），但GDM组的三头肌、肩胛下和侧腹皮肤褶皱高于对照组（均P = 0.000）。与对照组相比，GDM组脂肪量增加但去脂体重减少（（585±59）对（480±74）g，17.8%±0.8%对14.7%±1.9%，（2685±127）对（2784±109）g，均P = 0.000）。逐步回归分析显示，口服葡萄糖耐量试验的孕妇空腹血糖水平和孕前体重指数与脂肪量和体脂百分比相关。空腹血糖水平与脂肪量和体脂百分比的相关性最强（P = 0.004，0.006）。胎龄和孕妇身高与GDM组的去脂体重相关（P = 0.040，0.013）。另一方面，孕妇体重增加与脂肪量相关（P = 0.015），空腹血糖水平和孕妇产前体重与体脂百分比相关（P = 0.002，0.043），孕前体重指数与对照组的去脂体重相关（P = 0.004）。
GDM妇女的适于胎龄儿脂肪量和体脂百分比增加，但去脂体重减少。口服葡萄糖耐量试验的孕妇空腹血糖水平、孕前体重指数、体重增加和孕妇产前体重是新生儿身体成分的影响因素。
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