Henderson R C, Lechner C T, DeMasi R A, Greene W B
Division of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
J Pediatr Orthop. 1990 Jul-Aug;10(4):491-4.
The tibial metaphyseal-diaphyseal (MD) and tibial-femoral (TF) angles were measured on the radiographs of 33 knees in young children (aged 12-36 months) with bowleg deformity. Four observers of differing experience measured the films in a blinded fashion to determine the intraobserver and interobserver variability of these measurements. The clinical implications of these variabilities are described. Very little instruction and experience is necessary to make these measurements correctly and precisely. Measurement of the MD angle was superior to measurement of the TF angle. Contrary to published opinion, rotation can have a small but potentially significant effect on the measured MD angle.
在患有膝内翻畸形的幼儿（12至36个月龄）的33个膝关节的X线片上测量胫骨干骺端-骨干（MD）角和胫股（TF）角。四位经验不同的观察者以盲法测量这些片子，以确定这些测量的观察者内和观察者间的变异性。描述了这些变异性的临床意义。正确且精确地进行这些测量几乎不需要指导和经验。MD角的测量优于TF角的测量。与已发表的观点相反，旋转对所测量的MD角可能有微小但潜在的显著影响。
