Zadzińska Elzbieta, Nieczuja-Dwojacka Joanna, Borowska-Sturgińska Beata
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Anthropol Anz. 2013;70(1):1-13. doi: 10.1127/0003-5548/2012/0235.
The purpose of the present study was an assessment of differences between boys and girls in the process of emergence of primary teeth. This paper also provides updated data on the timing and sequence of primary tooth emergence in Polish children. The research were conducted in the years 2004-2008, and covered 865 children (437 boys and 428 girls) aged 3 to 36 months from all nursery and randomly selected "Healthy Child Clinics" in Lodz (central Poland). The first and last primary tooth emerged, on average: in boys at 6.24 months and 24.75 months respectively; in girls at 7.07 months and 24.21 months respectively. All incisors and the first upper molars erupted significantly earlier in boys. Typical order of teeth emergence--central incisor, lateral incisor, first molar, canine, second molar--was observed in 86.36% of boys and in 89.47% of girls. The interdependence between the morphological and the dental criterion of biological maturity during the completion of primary teeth was very strong in both sexes (stronger in boys). The regression equations for the estimation of the number of erupted primary teeth based on child's chronological age, body height and body mass were proposed separately for boys and for girls.
本研究的目的是评估乳牙萌出过程中男孩和女孩之间的差异。本文还提供了波兰儿童乳牙萌出时间和顺序的最新数据。研究于2004年至2008年进行,涵盖了来自罗兹(波兰中部)所有托儿所和随机挑选的“健康儿童诊所”的865名3至36个月大的儿童(437名男孩和428名女孩)。第一颗和最后一颗乳牙平均萌出时间分别为:男孩6.24个月和24.75个月;女孩7.07个月和24.21个月。所有门牙和第一颗上颌磨牙在男孩中萌出明显更早。86.36%的男孩和89.47%的女孩观察到典型的出牙顺序——中切牙、侧切牙、第一磨牙、尖牙、第二磨牙。在乳牙萌出完成过程中,两性的形态学和生物学成熟度的牙齿标准之间的相互依存关系都非常强(男孩中更强)。分别为男孩和女孩提出了基于儿童实足年龄、身高和体重来估计已萌出乳牙数量的回归方程。