Department of Occupational Therapy, Indiana University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Am J Occup Ther. 2013 May-Jun;67(3):296-302. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2013.005660.
A systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to improve or maintain the driving performance and community mobility of older adults with low vision. The results of this review identified a limited number of articles-eight-that met the inclusion criteria. Identified intervention strategies included the use of bioptics or prisms, multidisciplinary vision rehabilitation for community mobility, driving simulator training, driver education programs, and orientation and mobility training. Evidence is insufficient for the effectiveness of these interventions in improving or maintaining the driving performance or community mobility of older adults with low vision. Key study limitations included heterogeneity of sample characteristics (age, type of vision impairment), lack of standardization of interventions (device type, time, intensity duration), and lack of standardized assessments to measure driving and community mobility. This evidence-based review is informative for discussion of practice, education, and research implications.
系统文献回顾评估了职业治疗实践范围内的干预措施在提高或维持低视力老年人的驾驶表现和社区移动能力方面的有效性。该综述的结果确定了符合纳入标准的少数几篇文章 - 八篇。确定的干预策略包括使用生物光学或棱镜、社区移动性的多学科视力康复、驾驶模拟器训练、驾驶员教育计划以及定向和移动训练。这些干预措施在提高或维持低视力老年人的驾驶表现或社区移动能力方面的有效性的证据不足。主要研究局限性包括样本特征(年龄、视力障碍类型)的异质性、干预措施(设备类型、时间、强度持续时间)缺乏标准化以及缺乏用于测量驾驶和社区移动能力的标准化评估。本循证综述为讨论实践、教育和研究意义提供了信息。