Matsuda Tadashi
Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, Shinmachi 2-5-1, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
Asian J Endosc Surg. 2013 May;6(2):68-77. doi: 10.1111/ases.12032.
Laparoscopic surgery was developed at the end of the 1980s and has been utilized in almost all urologic surgical procedures. It offers the benefits of less invasiveness and earlier recovery than open surgery. The introduction of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery has offered reduced pain and improved cosmetic satisfaction to patients. Scarless nephrectomy has been realized with transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery in women. The development of surgical robots has decreased the technical difficulty of complicated procedures, shortened the learning curve, and improved perioperative outcomes relative to laparoscopic surgery. Surgical navigation using real-time sonography, augmented reality, fluorescence, or radioisotope images will improve the quality of these surgeries.
腹腔镜手术于20世纪80年代末发展起来，几乎已应用于所有泌尿外科手术。与开放手术相比，它具有侵入性小、恢复快的优点。单孔腹腔镜手术的引入减轻了患者的疼痛，提高了患者对美观的满意度。经阴道自然腔道内镜手术已实现了女性无瘢痕肾切除术。手术机器人的发展降低了复杂手术的技术难度，缩短了学习曲线，并改善了相对于腹腔镜手术的围手术期结果。使用实时超声、增强现实、荧光或放射性同位素图像的手术导航将提高这些手术的质量。
