Leuchs Gerd, Sondermann Markus
Institute of Optics, Information and Photonics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
J Mod Opt. 2013 Jan;60(1):36-42. doi: 10.1080/09500340.2012.716461. Epub 2012 Aug 31.
We review recent experimental advances in the field of efficient coupling of single atoms and light in free space. Furthermore, a comparison of efficient free space coupling and strong coupling in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is given. Free space coupling does not allow for observing oscillatory exchange between the light field and the atom which is the characteristic feature of strong coupling in cavity QED. Like cavity QED, free space QED does, however, offer full switching of the light field, a 180° phase shift conditional on the presence of a single atom as well as 100% absorption probability of a single photon by a single atom. Furthermore, free space cavity QED comprises the interaction with a continuum of modes.
我们回顾了自由空间中单原子与光高效耦合领域的最新实验进展。此外，还对自由空间中的高效耦合与腔量子电动力学（QED）中的强耦合进行了比较。自由空间耦合无法实现光场与原子之间的振荡交换，而这种振荡交换是腔QED中强耦合的特征。然而，与腔QED一样，自由空间QED确实能够实现光场的完全开关、基于单个原子存在的180°相移以及单个原子对单个光子100%的吸收概率。此外，自由空间腔QED还包含与连续模式的相互作用。
