Okoye O, Ojogwu L, Unuigbe E, Oviasu E
Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital.Benin City, Edo State.
West Afr J Med. 2013 Jan-Mar;32(1):19-25.
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a significant yet underestimated problem in clinical practice. The increasing use of contrast media in diagnostic and interventional procedures over the last 30 years has resulted in CIN becoming the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure (ARF) in developed countries. Despite this, there is still a paucity of data on the incidence of CIN following intravenous contrast media especially in developing countries. The goals of this study were to determine the frequency and risk factors of CIN amongst patients receiving intravenous contrast in a tertiary health institution. This is a hospital-based prospective observational study. One hundred and eighty (180) consenting patients were recruited consecutively over a 6-month period. Venous blood and urine were collected for haematocrit, serum urea, electrolytes and creatinine estimation and urinalysis, before contrast exposure and up to 72 hours post-exposure. The frequency of CIN was 35.9% and one patient required haemodialysis. Baseline renal insufficiency, anaemia and age >55 years were significant risk factors for CIN and predictive of CIN in univariate but not multivariate analysis.
对比剂肾病（CIN）是临床实践中一个严重但被低估的问题。在过去30年中，诊断和介入操作中对比剂使用的增加导致CIN成为发达国家医院获得性急性肾衰竭（ARF）的第三大主要原因。尽管如此，关于静脉注射对比剂后CIN的发病率的数据仍然匮乏，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究的目的是确定在一家三级医疗机构中接受静脉注射对比剂的患者中CIN的发生率及其危险因素。这是一项基于医院的前瞻性观察性研究。在6个月的时间里连续招募了180名同意参与研究的患者。在对比剂注射前以及注射后长达72小时，采集静脉血和尿液进行血细胞比容、血清尿素、电解质和肌酐的测定以及尿液分析。CIN的发生率为35.9%，有1名患者需要进行血液透析。基线肾功能不全、贫血以及年龄>55岁是CIN的显著危险因素，在单因素分析中可预测CIN，但在多因素分析中则不然。
