加拿大幸福感指数：健康人群领域的主要发现。

The Canadian Index of Wellbeing: key findings from the healthy populations domain.

机构信息

Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK.

出版信息

Can J Public Health. 2012 Jul 18;103(5):e342-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03404438.

DOI:10.1007/BF03404438

PMID:23617985

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6973733/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The Canadian Index of Wellbeing (CIW) is an ambitious undertaking that aims to measure and track Canadians' overall "wellbeing". The Healthy Populations, one of eight CIW domains, brings together both population health outcomes and important influences on health.

METHODS

Indicators from eight subdomains (personal wellbeing, life expectancy/mortality, physical health conditions, functional health, mental health, lifestyle and behaviour, health care, and public health) make up the Healthy Populations domain. Following a review of worldwide literature on health and wellbeing indicators, application of a prespecified set of selection criteria, and expert external validation, ten core indicators and six secondary indicators were selected. The data sources include several national population data systems (CCHS, NPHS) and databases kept at the Canadian Institute for Health Information. Indicators were examined for trends over time, and were stratified by age, sex, income and education. A single summary measure, health domain index, was calculated and reported annually from 1994 to 2008.

RESULTS

Analysis of data over a 15-year time period found that Canadians are living longer, but with fewer years in optimal health. Diabetes rates have risen, along with obesity rates, while smoking rates are on the decline and regular physical activity is becoming more common. There were notable income and education gradients for virtually all indicators measured, and gender disparities evident for life expectancy, health-adjusted life expectancy, diabetes, and depression. A worrisome downward trend in health outcomes for Canada's youth (12-19 years) was observed. The overall health index score showed a modest rise of 6.6% from 1994 to 2008.

CONCLUSION

The Healthy Populations domain, and its ongoing use and refinement, can be an important resource for understanding and monitoring the health of Canadians. Knowledge about the status of Canadians' wellbeing will benefit from the contextualization of these findings through evidence generated from the other CIW domains.

摘要

目的

加拿大幸福感指数（CIW）是一项雄心勃勃的事业，旨在衡量和跟踪加拿大人的整体“幸福感”。健康人群是 CIW 的八个领域之一，将人口健康结果和对健康有重要影响的因素结合在一起。

方法

健康人群领域由八个子领域（个人幸福感、预期寿命/死亡率、身体健康状况、功能健康、心理健康、生活方式和行为、医疗保健和公共卫生）的指标组成。在对全球健康和幸福感指标进行审查、应用一套预先确定的选择标准和专家外部验证之后，选择了十个核心指标和六个次要指标。数据来源包括几个国家人口数据系统（加拿大综合健康调查、加拿大国家健康调查）和加拿大卫生信息研究所保存的数据库。对这些指标随时间的趋势进行了检查，并按年龄、性别、收入和教育进行了分层。从 1994 年到 2008 年，每年计算和报告一个单一的综合衡量指标，即健康领域指数。

结果

在 15 年的时间内对数据进行分析后发现，加拿大人的寿命延长了，但处于最佳健康状态的年限却减少了。糖尿病和肥胖率上升，而吸烟率下降，经常进行体育锻炼的人越来越多。几乎所有衡量的指标都存在明显的收入和教育梯度，在预期寿命、健康调整预期寿命、糖尿病和抑郁症方面存在明显的性别差异。令人担忧的是，加拿大年轻人（12-19 岁）的健康状况呈下降趋势。从 1994 年到 2008 年，整体健康指数得分上升了 6.6%。