Center for Neuropolicy, 36 Eagle Row, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2013 Jun;17(6):281-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2013.04.001. Epub 2013 Apr 24.
There is mounting evidence that the mesolimbic dopamine system carries valuation signals not only for appetitive or gain-related stimuli, with which it is traditionally associated, but also for aversive and loss-related stimuli. Cellular-level studies demonstrate that the neuronal architecture to support aversive stimuli encoding in this system does exist. Both cellular-level and human neuroimaging research suggest the co-existence of appetitive and aversive prediction-error signals within the mesocorticolimbic system. These findings shift the view of the mesocorticolimbic system as a singular pathway for reward to a system with multiple signals across a wide range of domains that drive value-based decision making.
越来越多的证据表明，中脑边缘多巴胺系统不仅传递与传统上相关的奖赏或收益相关刺激的估值信号，也传递与厌恶和损失相关刺激的估值信号。细胞水平的研究表明，支持该系统中厌恶刺激编码的神经元结构确实存在。细胞水平和人类神经影像学研究都表明，中脑边缘皮质系统中存在奖赏和厌恶预测误差信号的共存。这些发现将中脑边缘皮质系统作为单一的奖赏通路的观点转变为一个具有多种信号的系统，这些信号在广泛的领域中驱动基于价值的决策。
