Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Peptides. 2013 Jul;45:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.04.008. Epub 2013 Apr 25.
Peptidomic analysis was used to compare the diversity of host-defense peptides in norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from laboratory-generated female F1 hybrids of Xenopus laevis and Xenopus borealis (Pipidae). Skin secretions of hybrids with maternal X. laevis (XLB) contained 12 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), comprising 8 from X. laevis and 4 from X. borealis. Magainin-B1, XPF-B1, PGLa-B1 CPF-B2, CPF-B3 and CPF-B4 from X. borealis and XPF-1, XPF-2, and CPF-6 from X. laevis were not detected and CPF-1 and CPF-7 were present in low concentration. The secretions contained caerulein and caerulein-B1 derived from both parents but lacked X. laevis xenopsin and X. borealis caerulein-B2. Skin secretions of hybrids with maternal X. borealis (XBL) contained 14 AMPs comprising 6 from X. borealis and 8 from X. laevis. Magainin-B1, XPF-B1, PGLa-B1, CPF-B2, XPF-1, CPF-5, and CPF-7 were absent and CPF-B3, CPF-B4, CPF-1 and CPF-6 were present only in low concentration. Xenopsin and caerulein were identified in the secretions but caerulein-B2 was absent and caerulein-B1 was present in low concentration. No peptides were identified in secretions of either XLB or XBL hybrids that were not present in the parental species. The data indicate that hybridization between X. laevis and X. borealis results in increased diversity of host-defense peptides in skin secretions but point to extensive AMP gene silencing compared with previously studied female X. laevis×X. muelleri F1 hybrids and no novel peptide expression.
肽组学分析用于比较来自实验室生成的非洲爪蟾和北方牛蛙（Pipidae）的雌性 F1 杂种的去甲肾上腺素刺激皮肤分泌物中的宿主防御肽的多样性。具有母体非洲爪蟾（XLB）的杂种的皮肤分泌物包含 12 种抗菌肽（AMPs），包括 8 种来自非洲爪蟾和 4 种来自北方牛蛙。来自北方牛蛙的 Magainin-B1、XPF-B1、PGLa-B1、CPF-B2、CPF-B3 和 CPF-B4 以及来自非洲爪蟾的 XPF-1、XPF-2 和 CPF-6 未被检测到，CPF-1 和 CPF-7 的浓度较低。分泌物中含有来自双亲的 caerulein 和 caerulein-B1，但缺乏非洲爪蟾的 xenopsin 和北方牛蛙的 caerulein-B2。具有母体北方牛蛙（XBL）的杂种的皮肤分泌物包含 14 种 AMPs，包括 6 种来自北方牛蛙和 8 种来自非洲爪蟾。Magainin-B1、XPF-B1、PGLa-B1、CPF-B2、XPF-1、CPF-5 和 CPF-7 不存在，CPF-B3、CPF-B4、CPF-1 和 CPF-6 仅存在低浓度。分泌物中鉴定出 xenopsin 和 caerulein，但不存在 caerulein-B2，caerulein-B1 浓度较低。XLB 或 XBL 杂种的分泌物中未鉴定出不存在于亲本种的肽。数据表明，非洲爪蟾和北方牛蛙之间的杂交导致皮肤分泌物中宿主防御肽的多样性增加，但与之前研究的雌性非洲爪蟾×X. muelleri F1 杂种相比， AMP 基因沉默广泛，没有新的肽表达。
