Smoking Cessation Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Addict Behav. 2013 Aug;38(8):2369-73. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.03.017. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
Although it has been suggested that persons with psychopathological disorders experience greater difficulty in quitting smoking, the few studies that have analyzed personality disorders in smokers have failed to produce conclusive results. The aim of this study was to examine whether the presence of probable personality disorders was associated with the achievement of abstinence at the end of a smoking cessation treatment, as well as the maintenance of abstinence at 6 and 12 months of follow-up.
The sample comprised 290 smokers (41% men and 59% women) who participated in a psychological smoking cessation treatment and who were followed for a year. Abstinence was tested by measuring carbon monoxide in exhaled air.
Participants with a probable borderline, antisocial or avoidant personality disorder were less likely to quit smoking at the end of the treatment, whereas probable schizoid personality disorder predicted better maintenance of abstinence at 6 and 12 months. In addition, smoking 25 or more cigarettes before starting the treatment decreased the likelihood of maintaining abstinence at 6 and 12 months of follow-up.
This study revealed differential (and opposing) relationships between specific personality disorders and smoking cessation outcomes, illustrating the need to consider Axis II disorders separately when predicting treatment outcomes.
尽管有人认为患有精神病理学障碍的人戒烟更困难，但少数分析吸烟者人格障碍的研究未能得出确凿的结果。本研究旨在探讨可能存在的人格障碍是否与戒烟治疗结束时的戒烟成功以及 6 个月和 12 个月随访时的戒烟维持有关。
该样本包括 290 名吸烟者（41%为男性，59%为女性），他们参加了心理戒烟治疗，并随访了一年。通过测量呼出空气中的一氧化碳来检测是否戒烟。
患有可能的边缘型、反社会型或回避型人格障碍的参与者在治疗结束时更不可能戒烟，而可能的分裂型人格障碍则预示着在 6 个月和 12 个月的随访中更好地维持戒烟。此外，在开始治疗前每天吸烟 25 支或以上会降低 6 个月和 12 个月随访时保持戒烟的可能性。
这项研究揭示了特定人格障碍与戒烟结果之间的差异（和相反）关系，表明在预测治疗结果时需要单独考虑轴 II 障碍。
