Fahs Breanne, Frank Elena
a Women and Gender Studies Program , Arizona State University.
J Sex Res. 2014;51(3):241-52. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2012.745474. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
While popular culture has more frequently depicted women's masturbation in recent years, scholarly attention to women's own meaning making about masturbation remains largely absent. Existing research that emphasizes women's masturbation frequency, health correlates, masturbation as a factor in couples therapy, and masturbation as a substitute for partnered sexual behaviors have dominated the research, largely neglecting social identity correlates and women's subjectivities about masturbation. This study drew upon qualitative interviews with 20 women (mean age = 34, SD = 13.35) from diverse backgrounds to illuminate five themes in women's experiences with masturbation: (a) assumptions that most women self-penetrate during masturbation even when primarily using clitoral stimulation; (b) masturbation as sexual labor; (c) masturbation as a threat to male dominance; (d) masturbation as routine tension release; and (e) masturbation as a source of joy, fun, and pleasure. Because women revealed such a diverse set of experiences, we explored the advantages and disadvantages of the invisibility of women's masturbation. As a result of the internalization of stereotypically masculine scripts about sexuality-including an imagined penetrative focus, goal-oriented drive toward orgasm, sex as labor, and masturbation as nonemotional-women's masturbation experiences, regardless of sexual orientation, revealed the power imbalances often present in partnered (hetero)sexual dynamics.
近年来，流行文化对女性自慰的描绘更为频繁，但学术界对女性自慰意义建构的关注却基本缺失。现有研究主要聚焦于女性自慰频率、健康关联、自慰在夫妻治疗中的作用以及自慰作为伴侣性行为替代方式等方面，很大程度上忽略了社会身份关联以及女性对自慰的主观感受。本研究通过对20名来自不同背景的女性（平均年龄 = 34岁，标准差 = 13.35）进行定性访谈，揭示了女性自慰经历中的五个主题：(a) 即使主要采用阴蒂刺激，仍认为大多数女性自慰时会自我插入；(b) 自慰是性劳动；(c) 自慰对男性主导地位构成威胁；(d) 自慰是日常的紧张释放方式；(e) 自慰是快乐、有趣和愉悦的来源。由于女性展现出如此多样的经历，我们探讨了女性自慰不被关注的利弊。由于关于性的刻板男性化脚本的内化——包括想象中的插入重点、以高潮为目标导向的冲动、性作为劳动以及自慰缺乏情感——女性的自慰经历，无论性取向如何，都揭示了伴侣（异性）性行为中常常存在的权力不平衡。
