Dipartimento di Fisica e di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy.
J Chem Phys. 2013 Apr 28;138(16):164501. doi: 10.1063/1.4801864.
I employ the van der Waals theory of Baus and co-workers to analyze the fast, adiabatic decay of a supercooled liquid in a closed vessel with which the solidification process usually starts. By imposing a further constraint on either the system volume or pressure, I use the maximum-entropy method to quantify the fraction of liquid that is transformed into solid as a function of undercooling and of the amount of a foreign gas that could possibly be also present in the test tube. Upon looking at the implications of thermal and mechanical insulation for the energy cost of forming a solid droplet within the liquid, I identify one situation where the onset of solidification inevitably occurs near the wall in contact with the bath.
我采用 Baus 及其同事的范德华理论来分析在封闭容器中超冷液体的快速、绝热失稳，这一过程通常是凝固过程的开端。通过对系统体积或压力进一步施加约束，我利用最大熵方法来量化可能存在于试管中外来气体的量以及过冷度对转变为固体的液体部分的影响。在考虑了热和机械隔离对在液体中形成固体液滴的能量成本的影响后，我确定了一种情况，即在与浴槽接触的壁附近不可避免地会发生凝固的起始。
