School of Public Health, Curtin University, G.P.O. Box U 1987, Perth, Western Australia.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2013;17(5):486-91. doi: 10.1007/s12603-012-0433-1.
This prospective cohort study aimed to determine the impact of a low cost, home-based physical activity and nutrition program for older adults at 6 months follow-up.
A follow-up survey was conducted 6 months after program completion via computer-assisted telephone interviewing. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Fat and Fibre Barometer were used to measure physical activity levels and dietary behaviours, respectively. Self-reported height, weight, waist and hip circumferences were obtained. Changes over three time points of data collection (baseline, post-program, follow-up) and differences between the intervention and control groups were assessed. The use of program materials was also evaluated.
Community and home-based.
Insufficiently active 60 to 70 year olds (n = 176, intervention and n = 198, control) residing in suburbs within the Perth metropolitan area.
A sustained improvement was observed for the intervention group in terms of fat avoidance behaviours (p interaction = .007). Significant improvements were found for strength exercises, fibre intake, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio at either post-program or follow-up, however the overall effect was not significant. At post-program, the intervention group increased time spent participating in moderate activity by 50 minutes (p > .05), which was followed by a significant decline at follow-up (p < .05). Among intervention group participants, males and females differed with respect to strength exercises and moderate physical activity.
This low-cost physical activity and nutrition intervention resulted in a sustained improvement in fat avoidance behaviours and overall short-term gains in physical activity. Future studies for older adults are recommended to investigate gender-specific behavioural barriers as well as booster interventions which focus on physical activity.
本前瞻性队列研究旨在确定针对老年人的低成本、家庭为基础的体育活动和营养计划在 6 个月随访时的影响。
在项目完成后 6 个月，通过计算机辅助电话访谈进行了随访调查。使用国际体力活动问卷和脂肪纤维计量器分别测量体力活动水平和膳食行为。自我报告的身高、体重、腰围和臀围。评估了三个数据收集时间点（基线、方案后、随访）的变化以及干预组和对照组之间的差异。还评估了方案材料的使用情况。
社区和家庭。
活动不足的 60 至 70 岁老年人（干预组 n = 176，对照组 n = 198），居住在珀斯大都市区郊区。
干预组在避免脂肪行为方面观察到持续改善（p 交互 =.007）。在方案后或随访时，力量练习、纤维摄入、体重指数和腰臀比均有显著改善，但总体效果不显著。在方案后，干预组参与中等强度活动的时间增加了 50 分钟（p >.05），随后在随访时显著下降（p <.05）。在干预组参与者中，男性和女性在力量练习和中等体力活动方面存在差异。
这种低成本的体育活动和营养干预导致了避免脂肪行为的持续改善和总体短期的体力活动增加。建议对老年人进行未来研究，以调查性别特定的行为障碍以及侧重于体力活动的强化干预措施。
