David L. MacIntosh Sport Medicine Clinic, Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Injury Prevention Research Office, Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
David L. MacIntosh Sport Medicine Clinic, Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Br J Sports Med. 2015 Apr;49(8):552-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092235. Epub 2013 May 1.
Concussions in sports are a growing cause of concern, as these injuries can have debilitating short-term effects and little is known about the potential long-term consequences. This work aims to describe how concussions occur in the National Hockey League.
Case series of medically diagnosed concussions for regular season games over a 3.5-year period during the 2006-2010 seasons. Digital video records were coded and analysed using a standardised protocol.
88% (n=174/197) of concussions involved player-to-opponent contact. 16 diagnosed concussions were a result of fighting. Of the 158 concussions that involved player-to-opponent body contact, the most common mechanisms were direct contact to the head initiated by the shoulder 42% of the time (n=66/158), by the elbow 15% (n=24/158) and by gloves in 5% of cases (n=8/158). When the results of anatomical location are combined with initial contact, almost half of these events (n=74/158) were classified as direct contact to the lateral aspect of the head.
The predominant mechanism of concussion was consistently characterised by player-to-opponent contact, typically directed to the head by the shoulder, elbow or gloves. Also, several important characteristics were apparent: (1) contact was often to the lateral aspect of the head; (2) the player who suffered a concussion was often not in possession of the puck and (3) no penalty was called on the play.
运动性脑震荡是一个日益受到关注的问题，因为这些损伤会产生严重的短期影响，而对于潜在的长期后果知之甚少。本研究旨在描述在国家冰球联盟（NHL）中脑震荡是如何发生的。
对 2006-2010 赛季 3.5 年期间常规赛中经医学诊断的脑震荡病例进行了病例系列研究。使用标准化方案对数字视频记录进行编码和分析。
88%（n=174/197）的脑震荡涉及球员与对手的接触。16 例确诊的脑震荡是打架的结果。在 158 例涉及球员与对手身体接触的脑震荡中，最常见的机制是肩部直接接触头部，占 42%（n=66/158），肘部占 15%（n=24/158），手套占 5%（n=8/158）。当解剖位置的结果与初始接触相结合时，近一半的事件（n=74/158）被归类为头部侧面的直接接触。
脑震荡的主要机制始终是球员与对手接触，通常是肩部、肘部或手套直接作用于头部。此外，还出现了几个重要特征：（1）接触通常发生在头部的侧面；（2）遭受脑震荡的球员通常没有控制冰球；（3）该动作没有被判罚。
