Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2013 May;21(5):268-75. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-21-05-268.
Dysfunction of the median nerve at the elbow or proximal forearm can characterize two distinct clinical entities: pronator syndrome (PS) or anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) syndrome. PS is characterized by vague volar forearm pain, with median nerve paresthesias and minimal motor findings. AIN syndrome is a pure motor palsy of any or all of the muscles innervated by that nerve: the flexor pollicis longus, the flexor digitorum profundus of the index and middle fingers, and the pronator quadratus. The sites of anatomic compression are essentially the same for both disorders. Typically, the findings of electrodiagnostic studies are normal in patients with PS and abnormal in those with AIN syndrome. PS is a controversial diagnosis and is typically treated nonsurgically. AIN syndrome is increasingly thought to be neuritis and it often resolves spontaneously following prolonged observation. Surgical indications for nerve decompression include persistent symptoms for >6 months in patients with PS or for a minimum of 12 months with no signs of motor improvement in those with AIN syndrome.
旋前肌综合征（PS）或正中神经骨间前神经（AIN）综合征。PS 的特征是模糊的掌侧前臂疼痛，伴有正中神经感觉异常和最小的运动发现。AIN 综合征是由该神经支配的任何或所有肌肉的纯粹运动麻痹：拇长屈肌、食指和中指的深屈指肌以及旋前方肌。两种疾病的解剖压迫部位基本相同。通常，PS 患者的电诊断研究结果正常，而 AIN 综合征患者的结果异常。PS 是一个有争议的诊断，通常采用非手术治疗。AIN 综合征越来越被认为是神经炎，它通常在长时间观察后自发缓解。神经减压的手术指征包括 PS 患者持续症状>6 个月或 AIN 综合征患者至少 12 个月且无运动改善迹象。
