Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, Brazil.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2013 May;97 Suppl 1:51-9. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12047.
Recently, there is an interest in technologies that favour the use of coproducts for animal nutrition. The effect of adding two enzyme mixtures in diets for dogs formulated with wheat bran (WB) was evaluated. Two foods with similar compositions were formulated: negative control (NC; without WB) and test diet (25% of WB). The test diet was divided into four treatments: without enzyme (positive control), enzyme mixture 1 (ENZ1; added before extrusion β-glucanase, xylanase, cellulase, glucoamylase, phytase); enzyme mixture 2 (ENZ2; added before extrusion the ENZ1 more α-amylase); enzyme mixture 2 added after the extrusion (ENZ2ex). ENZ1 and ENZ2 were used to evaluate the enzyme effect on extruder pre-conditioner (processing additive) and ENZ2ex to evaluate the effect of enzyme supplementation for the animal. Digestibility was measured through total collection of faeces and urine. The experiment followed a randomized block design with five treatments (diets) and six dogs per diet, totalling 30 dogs (7.0 ± 1.2 years old and 11.0 ± 2.2 kg of body weight). Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey's test and orthogonal contrasts (p < 0.05). Reducing sugars showed an important reduction after extrusion, suggesting the formation of carbohydrate complexes. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid-hydrolysed fat and energy was higher in NC than in diets with WB (p < 0.001), without effects of enzyme additions. WB diets resulted in higher faecal production and concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and reduced pH and ammonia concentration (p < 0.01), with no effect of enzyme addition. The enzyme addition did not result in improved digestibility of a diet high in non-starch polysaccharides; however, only ATTD was measured and nutrient fermentation in the large intestine may have interfered with the results obtained. WB modified fermentation product formation in the colon of dogs.
最近，人们对有利于将副产物用于动物营养的技术产生了兴趣。评估了在以麦麸（WB）为基础配制的狗用饮食中添加两种酶混合物的效果。配制了两种组成相似的食物：阴性对照（NC；无 WB）和测试饮食（25%的 WB）。测试饮食分为四种处理：无酶（阳性对照）、酶混合物 1（ENZ1；在挤压前添加β-葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、纤维素酶、糖化酶、植酸酶）；酶混合物 2（ENZ2；在挤压前添加更多的α-淀粉酶）；挤压后添加的酶混合物 2（ENZ2ex）。ENZ1 和 ENZ2 用于评估酶对挤压前处理器（加工添加剂）的作用，ENZ2ex 用于评估酶补充对动物的作用。通过对粪便和尿液的全面收集来测量消化率。该实验采用随机区组设计，有 5 种处理（饮食）和每种饮食 6 只狗，共 30 只狗（7.0±1.2 岁，体重 11.0±2.2 公斤）。数据进行方差分析，用 Tukey 检验和正交对比进行均值比较（p<0.05）。挤压后还原糖含量显著降低，表明碳水化合物复合物的形成。NC 组的干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、酸水解脂肪和能量的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）均高于含有 WB 的饮食（p<0.001），而添加酶则没有效果。WB 饮食导致粪便产量增加，短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度增加，pH 和氨浓度降低（p<0.01），添加酶没有效果。添加酶并没有提高高非淀粉多糖饮食的消化率；然而，仅测量了 ATTD，而大肠中的营养素发酵可能会影响获得的结果。WB 改变了狗结肠发酵产物的形成。
