Ganchrow J R, Steiner J E, Bartana A
Department of Oral Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Dev Psychobiol. 1990 Mar;23(2):103-17. doi: 10.1002/dev.420230202.
Freely-moving, posthatch chicks were individually presented 2 concentrations each of quinine, citric acid, fructose, sucrose, sodium saccharin, and distilled water and their behavioral reactions were videotaped and analyzed. Already during the first posthatch day distinct rejection responses to quinine and citric acid could be recognized. Prolonged head shaking and beak clapping episodes were the most dominant features of these reactions. While responses to water and sweet stimuli could be interpreted as acceptance behaviors, the resolution was generally not fine enough to discriminate between reactions to the 2 different sweet concentrations of these stimuli or between them and water. When only water or sugar solutions were presented to other hatchlings in a single session, there was a suggestion of more definite acceptance behavior to some sweet stimuli as compared to water. It is concluded that the systems mediating aversive gustatory responses are present and functioning in posthatching chicks while acceptance responses, though present, are less discriminative among stimuli.
对自由活动的刚孵出的小鸡，分别给它们呈现奎宁、柠檬酸、果糖、蔗糖、糖精钠的两种浓度溶液以及蒸馏水，并对它们的行为反应进行录像和分析。在孵出后的第一天，就可以识别出对奎宁和柠檬酸明显的排斥反应。长时间的摇头和啄喙是这些反应最主要的特征。虽然对水和甜味刺激的反应可以解释为接受行为，但分辨能力通常不够精细，无法区分对这些刺激的两种不同甜味浓度的反应，也无法区分它们与水之间的反应。当在单个实验环节中只向其他幼雏呈现水或糖溶液时，与水相比，对某些甜味刺激似乎有更明确的接受行为。结论是，介导厌恶味觉反应的系统在刚孵出的小鸡中存在并发挥作用，而接受反应虽然存在，但对刺激的区分能力较弱。
