Gamble E H, Elder S T
University of New Orleans, LA 70119.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1990 Jul;9(1):13-20. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(90)90003-v.
The purpose of this experiment was to examine the effects of: (a) training to two different response magnitude criteria, and (b) three different feedback schedules on the acquisition and subsequent extinction of diastolic blood pressure changes. Subjects were 20 male and female normotensive volunteer college students, ages 18-36 years. A 3 x 2 design was used in which 3 schedules of reinforcement (0, 50 and 100%) were factorially compared with two response magnitude training criteria (10% and 20% of resting basal diastolic blood pressure). The results indicated that while the partial reinforcement effect appears to hold for the acquisition of bidirectional diastolic blood pressure changes, different response magnitude training criteria seemed to have a greater influence in producing significant differences in acquisition rate during the training of diastolic blood pressure decreases. Resistance to extinction was notably weak across all conditions, with most subjects failing to exhibit previously acquired bidirectional diastolic blood pressure performance after the end of the first extinction session.
（a）针对两种不同反应幅度标准的训练，以及（b）三种不同反馈方案对舒张压变化的习得及随后消退的影响。受试者为20名年龄在18至36岁之间的血压正常的男女大学生志愿者。采用3×2设计，将三种强化方案（0%、50%和100%）与两种反应幅度训练标准（静息基础舒张压的10%和20%）进行析因比较。结果表明，虽然部分强化效应似乎适用于双向舒张压变化的习得，但不同的反应幅度训练标准在舒张压降低训练期间对习得率产生显著差异方面似乎有更大影响。在所有条件下，消退抗性都明显较弱，大多数受试者在第一次消退训练结束后未能表现出之前习得的双向舒张压表现。
