Nicolson P
Polytechnic of East London.
J Adv Nurs. 1990 Jun;15(6):689-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01892.x.
Research findings on the causes and correlates of postnatal depression divide into two explanatory frameworks. The clinical/medical model identifies the mothers as being 'ill', and the social science model suggests a particular vulnerability to additional social stress factors. Despite attempts to predict those women at risk, and develop preventative programmes, most treatment initiatives are reactive, which is a direct result of the inconclusive nature of available evidence. The study reported here suggests that the concept 'postnatal depression' needs to be re-examined and that rather than it being an individual illness or vulnerability, it is more akin to a normal grief reaction and part of a normal postnatal profile. It only becomes a problem when it is defined and treated inappropriately. The implications from this research lead to a new approach to understanding the mother's experience of postnatal depression, and types of counselling and support which might effectively be employed by midwives and health visitors.
关于产后抑郁症的成因及相关因素的研究结果可分为两个解释框架。临床/医学模式将母亲视为“患病者”，而社会科学模式则表明其对额外社会压力因素存在特定易感性。尽管人们试图预测哪些女性有风险，并制定预防方案，但大多数治疗举措都是被动反应式的，这是现有证据尚无定论的直接结果。此处报告的研究表明，“产后抑郁症”这一概念需要重新审视，它并非一种个体疾病或易感性，而更类似于一种正常的悲伤反应，是产后正常情况的一部分。只有在定义和治疗不当时，它才会成为问题。这项研究的启示带来了一种新的方法，用于理解母亲产后抑郁症的经历，以及助产士和健康访视员可能有效采用的咨询和支持类型。
