Güvenç Alpay, Aslan Alper, Açıkada Caner
School of Physical Education and Sports, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Pediatr Int. 2013 Oct;55(5):629-36. doi: 10.1111/ped.12119. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
No objective data regarding the physical activity (PA) levels of young Turkish children currently exist. Furthermore, whether habitual PA is associated with the components of health-related fitness among children is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns and levels of objectively measured PA in prepubertal Turkish children and its relationship with body fatness, aerobic and anaerobic fitness.
Eighty-nine 8-10-year-old children (47 boys and 42 girls) participated in this study. The intensity, duration and frequency of PA were assessed from 4 days of heart rate monitoring with 15 s sampling intervals. Body fatness was determined by measuring skinfold thickness. Anaerobic fitness was evaluated using the Wingate test. All the children performed the shuttle run test to assess aerobic fitness.
The PA of boys was significantly higher than that of girls (P < 0.05). Gender difference is more marked for vigorous PA. Instead of sustained PA, short bouts of PA, lasting up to 1 min, were characteristic of PA patterns of children. The duration and frequency of PA were positively related to aerobic fitness and negatively related to fatness for both gender groups (P < 0.05). These relationships were more prominent for accumulated PA than for other measures of PA. No relationship was obtained between PA and anaerobic fitness in either gender group (P > 0.05).
Intermittent, accumulated moderate intensity PA may be more important than sustained vigorous intensity PA in influencing children's fitness and fatness levels. Detailed studies are needed to clarify which dimension of PA is more beneficial for health-related fitness in children.
目前尚无关于土耳其幼儿身体活动（PA）水平的客观数据。此外，儿童习惯性PA是否与健康相关体能的各组成部分相关尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估青春期前土耳其儿童客观测量的PA模式和水平及其与体脂、有氧和无氧体能的关系。
89名8-10岁儿童（47名男孩和42名女孩）参与了本研究。通过以15秒采样间隔进行4天的心率监测来评估PA的强度、持续时间和频率。通过测量皮褶厚度来确定体脂。使用温盖特测试评估无氧体能。所有儿童都进行了往返跑测试以评估有氧体能。
男孩的PA显著高于女孩（P<0.05）。剧烈PA的性别差异更为明显。儿童PA模式的特点是短时间（最长1分钟）的PA发作，而非持续的PA。PA的持续时间和频率与两个性别组的有氧体能呈正相关，与体脂呈负相关（P<0.05）。这些关系在累积PA方面比在PA的其他测量方面更为突出。两个性别组中PA与无氧体能均未发现相关性（P>0.05）。
间歇性、累积的中等强度PA在影响儿童体能和体脂水平方面可能比持续的剧烈强度PA更重要。需要进行详细研究以阐明PA的哪个维度对儿童健康相关体能更有益。
