González Montero de Espinosa Marisa, Herráez Angel, Marrodán Serrano María Dolores
Instituto de Enseñanza Secundaria Santa Eugenia, Consejería de Educación de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Endocrinol Nutr. 2013 Aug-Sep;60(7):371-8. doi: 10.1016/j.endonu.2013.01.008. Epub 2013 May 9.
Spanish National Health Surveys do not establish synergistic relations between variables. The purpose of this study was to perform a deeper historical analysis of body mass index (BMI) and its relation to other parameters included in the questionnaire for children.
Data from interviews conducted (between 1987 and 2006) to parents and guardians of schoolchildren aged 9-15 years were analyzed. Height and weight reported by parents were selected and used to calculate BMI. Subjects were stratified by age, gender, time spent sleeping and watching television and, finally, frequency of physical activity. The historical trend of BMI and its dependence on the above factors were analyzed using ANOVA tests.
Significant weight and height increases were seen, which were more marked in boys aged 12 to 15 years. Influence of physical activity on BMI was shown, but decreased (P<.001) as exercise time increased. By contrast, BMI increased (P<.001) as time spent watching television increased. On the other hand, the role of sleep as modulator of body size was confirmed, since schoolchildren aged 9-11 years who slept over 9h had lower BMIs (P<.001). In subjects aged 12 to 15, BMI decreased (P<.001) from 6h of sleep.
西班牙国家健康调查并未确立变量之间的协同关系。本研究的目的是对体重指数（BMI）及其与儿童问卷中其他参数的关系进行更深入的历史分析。
分析了1987年至2006年间对9至15岁学童的父母及监护人进行访谈的数据。选取父母报告的身高和体重用于计算BMI。受试者按年龄、性别、睡眠时间、看电视时间，最后按体育活动频率进行分层。使用方差分析测试分析BMI的历史趋势及其对上述因素的依赖性。
观察到体重和身高显著增加，在12至15岁男孩中更为明显。显示了体育活动对BMI的影响，但随着运动时间增加影响降低（P<.001）。相比之下，随着看电视时间增加，BMI升高（P<.001）。另一方面，睡眠作为身体大小调节因素的作用得到证实，因为睡眠时间超过9小时的9至11岁学童BMI较低（P<.001）。在12至15岁的受试者中，睡眠6小时后BMI降低（P<.001）。
