Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2013 May;34(4):227-36. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e31828b2ccf.
The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the child-feeding behaviors and attitudes of parents of children aged 2 to 5 years, within the theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework.
Semistructured telephone interviews were conducted in October 2011. The interviewer conducted and recorded the interviews from a community health center, to interviewees who were in their own home environment. Verbatim transcription of interviews preceded manual coding of data. Emergent themes were mapped into a matrix against a priori-coded TPB constructs (attitudes, beliefs, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention).
Twenty-one consenting parents participated in interviews. Participants were predominantly tertiary-educated (65%) mothers (85%) who were older than 30 years (76%). Parents believed that optimal child nutrition is important but difficult to achieve. Behavioral intention to change feeding practices was limited by a belief that child's dietary intake is above average compared with their peer group. Perceived control over child dietary intake was influenced by food advertising, extended family, and peer influences. Parents supported targeting nutrition education directly at children and a policy approach to offset the costs of fresh foods by taxing "junk" foods.
The application of TPB to child feeding may explain the disparity between parents' child-feeding intentions and behaviors. Parents' feeding behaviors are more influenced by peers than by dietary guidelines. Future interventions need to target parents' perceived child-feeding responsibilities, influence subjective norms, and increase parents' perceived control over child feeding. Peer nutrition education is proposed as an intervention model.
本定性研究旨在理论计划行为（TPB）框架内调查 2 至 5 岁儿童的父母的喂养行为和态度。
2011 年 10 月进行了半结构式电话访谈。访谈员在社区卫生中心对受访者进行访谈并录音，访谈员身处受访者的家庭环境中。访谈的逐字记录先于数据的手动编码。出现的主题与事先编码的 TPB 结构（态度、信念、主观规范、感知行为控制和行为意向）相对应映射到矩阵中。
21 位同意参与访谈的父母。参与者主要是受过高等教育（65%）的母亲（85%），年龄超过 30 岁（76%）。父母认为最佳儿童营养很重要，但难以实现。改变喂养习惯的行为意向受到孩子的饮食摄入量高于同龄人这一信念的限制。对孩子饮食摄入的感知控制受到食品广告、大家庭和同龄人的影响。父母支持直接针对儿童进行营养教育，并采取税收“垃圾”食品以抵消新鲜食品成本的政策方法。
TPB 在儿童喂养方面的应用可以解释父母的喂养意图和行为之间的差异。父母的喂养行为更多地受到同龄人的影响，而不是饮食指南。未来的干预措施需要针对父母对儿童喂养的感知责任、影响主观规范，并增加父母对儿童喂养的感知控制。同伴营养教育被提议作为一种干预模式。
